In this book, the eminent American historian, sociologist, and philosopher of technology Lewis Mumford (1895–1990) explores the fundamental tension between artistic and technical principles in modern civilization. He traces the historical roots of the division between the "organic" world of art and the "mechanical" world of technology, analyzing how this opposition has shaped modern culture. Mumford demonstrates that the dominance of technical thinking has led to the impoverishment of human experience and the loss of the most important symbolic and aesthetic dimensions of life. At the same time, the book is not a simple indictment of technical progress. Instead, Mumford offers a profound reflection on the possibilities of a synthesis of artistic and technical principles that can enrich human culture. He argues for the need to restore balance between creative expression and technical rationality to create a more harmonious civilization. This classic work remains a relevant reflection on the place of art and technology in the life of modern society and the possibilities for their fruitful interaction.