More than a century has passed since Friedrich Nietzsche and Max Scheler began to talk about the phenomenon of resentment. But does it really exist? What is the relationship between the real and fictional "aristocracy" of the classics, from whose position social groups challenging its dominance are accused of resentment, and the modern world? Perhaps it would be more correct to talk not about resentment, but about a specific social position conditioned by the situation - about a "look that reveals resentment"? If resentment does exist, then how are its many modern forms related to classical descriptions? Has resentment become an ineradicable norm of modern societies, and what is this connected with? This monograph, addressed to political scientists, sociologists, philosophers and all those interested in the problems of transformation of modern societies, is devoted to the answers to these and other questions.