The first complete Russian-language edition of a book by one of the pillars of American pragmatism, whose ideas formed the foundation of symbolic interactionism. The book addresses crucial issues in social and historical knowledge, the philosophy of science, and the unity of natural science and social knowledge (using examples from the theories of relativity, electromagnetic radiation, atomic structure, and theories of social behavior and sociality). Drawing on the then-modern concepts of space and time, the author offers his understanding of the past, present, and future, informed by his pragmatist conception of experience and theory of action.