Mary Kaldor’s New and Old Wars fundamentally changed the way modern scholars and policymakers understand modern war and conflict. In the context of globalization, this groundbreaking book showed that what we thought of as war (that is, a war between states in which the goal is to use maximum violence) is becoming an anachronism. In its place, a new type of organized violence, or “new wars,” is emerging, which can be described as a mixture of war, organized crime, and massive human rights violations. These wars involve both global and local, state and private actors. Wars are waged for private political ends, using tactics of terror and destabilization that are formally prohibited by the rules of modern warfare. This edition of New and Old Wars can become a reference book for international relations scholars, political scientists, and conflictologists, and will also be of interest to anyone interested in learning about the changing nature and prospects of war.