The coexistence of several cultures in Vilno (Vilnius) for centuries has made this city a distinctly individual, unique phenomenon. This diversity has its roots in the historical past, in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, of which this city was the capital. The book is dedicated to the embodiment of the image of Vilno in the literature (primarily in poetry) of its three main cultural traditions: Polish, Jewish, Lithuanian of the 19th-20th centuries. A significant part of the literary material is presented in Russian for the first time. The special spiritual aura of the city determined a new view of its complex and contradictory literary space.