How did Jews integrate into Russian society, and how did society itself react to this integration? Oleg Budnitsky's book tells the story of the Jews and, simultaneously, the history of the "Jewish Question" in the Russian Empire. Beginning with a brief historical overview, the author then focuses on specific stories: from Jewish military service and their role in the revolutionary movement to the clan of tax farmers, bankers, and gold miners known as the Barons Ginzburg, who played a significant role in the development of the Russian economy and the protection of the interests of Russian Jews. The book concludes with an account of the events surrounding World War I, a turning point in the history of Jews in Russia, and their experiences in 1917 amid the ruins of the empire—between the fall of the autocracy and the rise of the Bolsheviks. Oleg Budnitsky is a Doctor of Historical Sciences and a professor at the National Research University Higher School of Economics. The author of 10 books (two of which he co-authored) on the history of Russia in the 19th and 20th centuries, including those published in the “What is Russia” series (“People at War,” “Kolchak’s Gold,” “Reds and Whites”).